1 . Individual Differences

The Impact of Individual Differences on the Interlanguage Pragmatics of Iranian EFL learners in Institutional Discourse

This study investigated the impact of individual differences like language proficiency, gender and age on the Iranian EFL learners interlanguage pragmatics in institutional discourse especially, their capacity to recognize and to rate pragmatic and grammatical infelicities in speech act situations of request and apology.  To this end, one hundred and eighty-seven EFL university students at thre...

Individual differences and development of speech act production

This  study  examined  the  effects  of  individual  difference  (ID)  factors  on  changing  pragmatic abilities  among  L2  learners  of  English.  Participants  were  48  Japanese  EFL  students  in  an English-medium  university  in  Japan.  They  completed  a  pragmatic  speaking  test  (k=12)  that assessed  their  ability  to  produce  two  speech  acts:  requests  and  opinions,  in  hi...

The Effect of Auditors’ Individual Differences on Their Professional Commitment: the Mediation Effect of Ethical Climate Fit

Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of Auditors’ Individual Differences on their Professional Commitment. Also, the mediation effect of Ethical Climate Fit has been examined. Methods: According to the Social Cognitive Theory, two criteria of Internal Locus of Control and Self-Efficacy were used as Auditors’ Individual Differences. To measure the Internal Locus of Cont...

Employee Engagement and Individual Differences: A Study in Indian Context

The employee engagement has emerged as a pivotal business driver for organizational success. High level of engagement in domestic and global firms is supposed to have multiple enriching effects on an organization. Studies have highlighted the importance of both organizational and individual factors in ensuring highly engaged employees. The present paper explores the individual differs across fo...

The Development and Psychometric Evaluation of Iranian Coping Style Scale (ICSS): Associations with Individual Differences

Task Condition and EFL Learners’ Individual Differences: The Mediation of Tolerance of Ambiguity and Self-efficacy

Drawing on Robinson’s cognition hypothesis, the study attempted to examine how task conditions influence EFL learners’ oral performance and whether learners’ individual differences in terms of tolerance of ambiguity and self-efficacy mediate the effects of such conditions. To this end, 62 Iranian intermediate EFL learners from private language institutes in Tehran performed four dyadic decision...